What Is a Type 2 EV Charging Socket with Shutter?
A Type 2 EV charging socket is an electric vehicle (EV) charging interface that combines the standard Type 2 connector. The Type 2 connector, also known as the Mennekes connector, adheres to the IEC 62196-2 standard and is widely used across Europe and other regions for AC charging.
They feature a seven-pin design and support both single-phase and three-phase AC charging, allowing for charging power up to 22 kW or even 43 kW in some installations.
A Type 2 EV charging socket with shutter is an electric vehicle (EV) charging interface that combines the standard Type 2 connector design with an integrated safety shutter mechanism. The addition of a shutter enhances safety by preventing accidental contact with live electrical components when the socket is not in use.
The Growing Importance of Safe EV Charging Infrastructure
As the electric vehicle (EV) market rapidly expands across Europe, the demand for safe, reliable, and standardized charging infrastructure has become more and more important. A key component in this infrastructure is the Type 2 charging socket WITH a shutter.
This article explores the reasons behind the necessity of this feature and delves into the specific requirements mandated by various EU countries.
Key Benefits of Type 2 Charging Sockets with Shutter
Standardization and Compatibility
The Type 2 socket is the officially standardized EV charging connector in Europe, ensuring seamless interoperability between EVs and charging stations across different countries and brands.
Safety for Users
The shutter mechanism blocks access to the socket’s electrical contacts when not in use, reducing the risk of electric shock—especially important in public and outdoor environments.
Protection for Children
Shutters provide an essential safety barrier, helping to prevent curious children from inserting foreign objects or making accidental contact with live parts.
Durability and Environmental Protection
Shutters help to keep out dust, moisture, and debris, improving the long-term reliability and performance of the socket in all weather conditions.
Vandalism Resistance
In public installations, a shutter adds a level of tamper-resistance, protecting internal components from deliberate damage or misuse.
EU Norm Requirements for Type 2 Charging Sockets with Shutter
According to EN IEC 61851-1:2019, the general requirements for electric vehicle (EV) conductive charging systems mandate that EV charging equipment must prevent access to live parts. This can be achieved through two primary methods:
- Incorporating shutters: Physical barriers that prevent accidental contact with live electrical contacts when the connector is not in use.
- Providing an automatic means of isolation: A system that automatically disconnects the power supply when the vehicle connector is removed from the EV inlet or the charging outlet.
While the Type 2 socket is standardized across Europe, specific requirements for the inclusion of shutters may vary by country. Here’s an overview of some key EU countries and their regulations.
France: NFC 15-100
In France, the NF C 15-100 standard, which governs low-voltage electrical installations, has a broad requirement for shutters on all socket-outlets to prevent accidental contact with live parts. This general requirement inherently includes socket-outlets used for EV charging. Furthermore, UTE C 15-722, a specific French standard addressing EV charging infrastructure, reinforces the necessity of safety measures, including shutters or equivalent protection, for EV charging points to ensure user safety.
- Comprehensive safety standard: Covers electrical installations, including EV charging infrastructure.
- Mandatory shutters: Requires shutters for Type 2 sockets in both residential and public settings.
- Emphasis on user safety: Focuses on protecting users from electric shock and ensuring accessibility for people with disabilities
Germany: DIN VDE 0100-722
- Detailed technical specifications: Provides guidelines for EV charging installations.
- Shutter recommendations: Strongly recommends the use of shutters for Type 2 sockets, especially in public areas.
- Focus on installation safety: Emphasizes the importance of proper installation and maintenance to prevent hazards.
United Kingdom: BS 7671
United Kingdom: BS 7671
- Covers electrical installations: Includes provisions for EV charging equipment.
- Shutter recommendations: While not mandatory, strongly recommends shutters for Type 2 sockets in residential settings.
- Emphasis on user protection: Aims to safeguard users from electric shock and other potential risks.
In the United Kingdom, BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 (IET Wiring Regulations), specifically Regulation 553.1.201, mandates that all socket-outlets for household and similar use shall be of the shuttered type. This regulation primarily applies to standard domestic sockets conforming to BS 1363. It’s important to note that Type 2 connectors (as defined in BS EN 62196-2), which are commonly used for EV charging in the UK and Europe, are not explicitly covered by this specific regulation concerning household socket-outlets. However, the general safety principles of BS 7671 and the specific requirements of BS EN IEC 61851-1 would still apply to EV charging installations.
There are strong discussions in UK. Read more: Is a shutter needed on a Residential Type 2 Mode 3 EV charger?
Other EU Countries
- Similar trends: Many other EU countries are adopting regulations that align with the general principles of safety, standardization, and user protection.
- Check local regulations: It’s essential to consult specific country regulations for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
Conclusion
The Type 2 charging socket with a shutter is a crucial safety feature that contributes to the overall reliability and user experience of EV charging infrastructure. While the specific requirements may vary across EU countries, the general consensus is that shutters are essential for enhancing safety and protecting users. As the EV market continues to grow, adhering to these standards will be vital in creating a safe and efficient charging ecosystem for all.